Sow infection occurs through contact with a contaminated environment or through natural mating with carrier boars. Read first report of actinobaculum schaalii urinary tract infection in north america, diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for. It is a gramnegative, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide nadindependent, nonmotile coccobacillus. Actinobaculum schaalii, a new cause of knee prosthetic. Identifying microbes from environment water samples in a. Due to its fastidious growth characteristics, the isolation of this anaerobic bacterium is difficult, thus impairing. The genus actinobaculum was first described in 1997, when it was separated from actinomyces 1, 2. Pdf actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain. The etiologic agent, actinobacillus suis, is only now being studied in detail. Actinobaculum schaalii, a common uropathogen in elderly.
Here, we describe the case of a patient with an untreated a. Mikrobilaakkeiden kayttosuositukset elainten tarkeimpiin. Actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain reaction. Actinotignum schaalii formerly known as actinobaculum schaalii is a bacterium first isolated from human blood cultures.
Actinobaculum schaalii is a facultative anaerobic, grampositive rodshaped species phylogenetically related to actinomyces that is likely part of the commensal flora of the human genitourinary tract. It grows slowly and therefore is easily overgrown by other pathogens, which are often found concomitantly. Study actinobaculum suis and trueperella pyogenes flashcards from s bs class online, or in brainscapes iphone or android app. Actinobaculum schaalii is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic, nonmotile coccoid rod, classified as a new genus in 1997. Today, actinobaculum suis, formerly known as corynebacterium suis and then as eubacterium suis and. For the millions of patients who suffer from blood cancers, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions, actinobac offers new hope because our products specifically target and. The purpose of this study was to describe the morphology, investigate the pathogenesis, and evaluate the. Actinobaculum schaalii was first described as a causative agent for human infection in 1997.
Observation of tiny colonies of grampositive, catalasenegative coccoid rods triggered molecular identification based on 16s rrna gene. At each rank, the taxa were delineated from each other solely on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence phylogenetic. Pyelonephritis is a serious disease in pig production that needs to be further studied. Phylogenomics and evolutionary dynamics of the family. In vitro susceptibility of actinobaculum schaalii to 12 antimicrobial agents and molecular analysis of. Actinobaculum is a genus of grampositive nonsporulating rods in the family actinomycetaceae. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams.
Aug 28, 2012 actinobaculum schaalii was first described as a causative agent for human infection in 1997. An update of the structure and 16s rrna gene sequence. Upon validation, this name was corrected from actinobaculum massiliae sic to actinobaculum massiliense. Actinobaculum suis is a grampositive anaerobic rod bacterium involved in serious forms of urinary infection in gilt swine that result in. Diseases of swine jeffrey zimmerman, locke karriker. Routine urine samples were obtained from 177 hospitalized patients and 75 outpatients in viborg county, denmark, in 20082009. Actinobaculum schaalii is recognized as a facultative anaerobic uropathogen. Actinobaculum suis gpenisilliini aminopenisilliinit escherichia coli trimetopriimisulfonamidit aminopenisilliinit 25 mikrobilaakkeiden kayttosuositukset elainten tarkeimpiin tulehdus ja tartuntatauteihin sika sukuelimet sairaus aiheuttajamikrobi ensisijainen hoito toissijainen hoito kohtutulehdus endometriitti koliformit. Actinobaculum images partners infectious disease images. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Apr 09, 2012 actinobaculum schaalii is a small grampositive coccoid rod that requires co 2 for optimal growth. Since then it has mainly been reported causing urinary tract infections uti in elderly individuals. Isolation and identification is challenging and often needs molecular techniques. Due to its fastidious growth characteristics, the isolation of this anaerobic bacterium is difficult, thus impairing the estimation of its prevalence.
He had a complicated medical history of middle cerebral artery stroke and mechanical valve replacement of the aortic valve 2 years earlier and gastricduodenal angiodysplasia. Characterization of some actinomyceslike isolates from human clinical specimens. Other species described in the same genus include actinobaculum suis, actinobaculum urinale and actinobaculum massiliense. Actinobaculum schaalii is an emerging pathogen particularly involved in urinary tract infection of elderly people andor patient with urological risk factors of urinary tract infection. The complex smear microbiota colonizing the surface of redsmear cheese fundamentally impacts the ripening process, appearance and shelf life of cheese.
Actinobaculum schaalii is a grampositive bacillus that was described for the first time in 1997. Actinobaculum massiliae, a new species causing chronic urinary. Actinobaculum massiliense, a grampositive anaerobic coccoid rod. He had a complicated medical history of middle cerebral artery stroke and. The ninth and latest edition of this comprehensive guide to swine diseases and production information features extensively revised and updated chapters on physical examination and diagnosis, various viral. The family actinomycetaceae was originally identified in 1918 buchanan 1918 and was the only member of the order actinomycetales following the update of 16s rrna. Urinary tract infection caused by actinobaculum schaalii.
Actinotignum schaalii formerly actinobaculum schaalii. Pdf actinobaculum massiliae, a new species causing chronic. Actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain reaction actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain reaction. Actinobaculum suis is a grampositive anaerobic rod bacterium involved in serious forms of urinary infection in gilt swine that result in hematuria, cystitis, and pyelonephritis, which can cause animal. Actinobaculum suis is a grampositive anaerobic rod bacterium involved in serious forms of urinary infection in gilt swine that result in hematuria, cystitis, and pyelonephritis, which can cause animal death. Clinical observation of 19 cases beguelin c, lienhard r, jacquet a, tritten ml, siegrist hh, genne d. Clinical and microbiological features of actinotignum bacteremia. Actinotignum formerly known as actinobaculum is a genus in the phylum actinobacteria.
Actinobaculum suis is an important agent related to urinary infection in swine females. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or. It is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic coccoid rod, considered a human pathogen. Actinobaculum is a recently described genus, of which actinobaculum suis is the type species 7. Oct 26, 2011 actinobaculum schaalii is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic coccoid rod, classified as a new genus in 1997. Schaalii, a german microbiologist specializing in actinomycete microbiology. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a polymerase chain reaction pcr for the detection and identification of a. A bootstrap value of 99% supports the node separating the actinobaculum sp. Pdf we report on a new actinobaculum species, actinobaculum massiliae, isolated from. Actinobaculum schaalii general information the following information is not yet verified be aware of infections due to a. Actinobaculum schaalii an emerging pediatric pathogen. Actinobaculum, which is phylogenetically related to actinomyces, was initially described by lawson et al. The species actinobaculum massiliense was originally described by greub and raoult 2002.
This microorganism is a difficulttodiagnose pathogen and is rarely involved in systemic or deep infections. The higher ranks of the class actinobacteria were proposed and described in 1997. It has many strains due to differences in their lipopolysaccharides lps, which are known as o antigens and are referred to as o1,o2 and o3 and capsules cps, refered to as k antigen with variants described as k1, k2 and k3. To assess the in vitro susceptibility of actinobaculum schaalii to 12 antimicrobial agents as well as to dissect the genetic basis of.
Identifying microbes from environment water samples in a discoverybased learning module wenfa ng department of chemical and biomolecular engineering, national university of singapore. Actinobaculum massiliense, a grampositive anaerobic coccoid rod colonizing the human urinary tract, belongs to the taxonomic class of actinobacteria. The former name actinobaculum derives from greek noun. In vitro susceptibility of actinobaculum schaalii to 12. Actinobaculum schaalii invasive pathogen or innocent. Yassin af, sproeer c, pukall r, sylvester m, siering c et al. Actinobaculum schaalii was first described in 1997 and named after klaus p. The authors proposed a reclassification of actinomyces suis as actinobaculum suis type species and further described a new species from five clinical isolates two blood cultures and three urine samples, actinobaculum schaalii. Two hitherto unknown bacteria strains 3t and 352 were recovered from the faeces of tibetan antelopes on the tibetqinghai plateau, pr china. The second part was to investigate the occurrence of actinobaculum spp. Actinobaculum schaalii as a uropathogen in children lise bols andersen 1, karen marie soby 2, steffen bank 2, birgitte hertz 1 and jorgen prag 2 1department of pediatrics, 2department of clinical microbiology, viborg regional hospital, denmark. Biohazard level, growth media and temperature, gram stain, industrial applications and more information for actinobaculum suis.
Actinobaculum schaalii, a new cause of knee prosthetic joint. Bacteria species used to test analytical specificity of pcr for actinobaculum suis. Endocarditis caused by actinobaculum schaalii, austria. The genus actinobaculum is part of the family actinomycetaceae, which also comprises the genera actinomyces, arcanobacterium, and mobiluncus. Actinobaculum schaalii can cause urinary tract infections and septicemia but is difficult to identify by cultivation. In may 2009, a 52yearold man was hospitalized with middle cerebral artery stroke and fever of unknown origin. Actinotignum schaalii formerly actinobaculum schaalii, actinotignum urinale and actinotignum sanguinis. Now published in association with the american association of swine veterinarians. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis.
This name became validly published when it appeared on validation list no. Actinobaculum schaalii is a small grampositive coccoid rod that requires co 2 for optimal growth. Since then it has mainly been reported causing urinary tract infections uti in elderly individuals with underlying urological diseases. Since 1999, actinobaculum schaalii is routinely investigated at our hospital, whenever its presence is suspected due to the detection of minute grey colonies on blood agar. Actinobaculum schaalii invasive pathogen or innocent bystander. Jul 01, 2010 read first report of actinobaculum schaalii urinary tract infection in north america, diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
The ninth and latest edition of this comprehensive guide to swine diseases and production information features extensively revised and updated chapters on physical examination and diagnosis, various viral and bacterial diseases including several new disease chapters, other miscellaneous conditions and veterinary practice. The genus actinotignum contains three species, actinotignum schaalii formerly actinobaculum schaalii, actinotignum urinale and actinotignum sanguinis. Clinical and microbiological features of actinotignum. The cbs also harbored more common uropathogens, such as proteus mirabilis and aerococcus urinae, supporting the notion that a. Pdf actinobaculum suis is an important agent related to urinary infection in swine females. To decipher the prokaryotic composition of the cheese smear microbiome, the surface of a semihard surface ripened cheese was studied postripening by culturebased and cultureindependent molecular approaches.
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